WH questions (interrogative pronouns) - Grammar

Einführung und Form

Wenn wir eine Frage stellen, setzen wir das Hilfsverb vor das Subjekt.

Positiv:

Carl	likes	chocolate.
Betreff	Verb	Objekt

Frage:

Does	Carl	like	chocolate?
Hilfsverb	Betreff	Verb	Objekt

Beispiele:

Zeitform	Hilfsverb	Betreff	Hauptverb	Ergänzung
Simple Present	Do	I / you / we / they	watch	television every day?
Simple Present	Does	he / she / it	watch	television every day?
Simple Past	Did	I / you / he / she / it / we / they	watch	television last night?
Perfekt	Have	I / you / we / they	watched	television yet?
Perfekt	Has	he / she / it	watched	television yet?
Präsens in der Verlaufsform	Am	I	watching	television
	Is	he / she / it
	Are	you / we / they
Vergangenheit in der Verlaufsform	Was	I / he / she / it	watching	television?
Vergangenheit in der Verlaufsform	Were	you / we / they	watching	television?
"be going to"	Am	I	going to watch	television?
	Is	he / she / it
	Are	you / we / they
Futur I	Will	I / you / he / she / it / we / they	watch	television?

Wenn das Verb „be" das Hauptverb ist, benötigen wir kein Hilfsverb, zum Beispiel:

Are you an accountant?
Was he tired?
Am I late?
Were they at home?

Übungen

Vervollständigen Sie die Fragen mit dem korrekten Verb:
.

1)

you going to the party tomorrow?

2)

he ever been to Italy?

3)

they climb Everest last year?

4)

Where you yesterday?

Manchmal müssen wir zu Beginn einer Frage ein Interrogativpronomen oder ein Fragewort verwenden:

What
When
Where
Why
Who
Which
Whose
How

Das Interrogativpronomen repräsentiert den Gegenstand, über den wir fragen - es ist das, was wir wissen wollen.

Beispiele:

What time do you get up?	I get up at 6 a.m.
Where do you live?	I live in London.
How old is he?	He is 26 years old.
How often does he go shopping?	He goes once a month.
When did they leave?	They left yesterday.
How long have you lived here?	I've lived here for 4 years.
How far is London?	It's 400 miles from here.
Why are you sad?	I'm sad because it's a sad movie.
Who wrote that book?	Stephen King.

Bei den Simple Tenses verwenden wir nicht das Hilfsverb „do“, „does“ oder „did“, wenn das Fragewort das Subjekt des Satzes ist:
„Who left the door open?" nicht „~~Who did leave the door open?~~"

Übungen

Vervollständigen Sie die Fragen mit dem korrekten Fragewort:
.

1)

have you studied English? - For 5 years.

2)

were you born? - On 1st January 1955.

3)

did you study English? - At university.

4)

is that woman? - She's my sister.

Weitere Übungen

Vervollständigen Sie die Sätze mit der richtigen Antwort von a, b, c oder d:
.

1)

____ do you start your new job? - I start next week.

How

Who

Why

When

2)

____ ?

You have found your keys yet

Have you found your keys yet

Found have you yet your keys

You have yet found your keys

3)

____ do you have team meetings? - Twice a month.

How old

How far

How often

How long

4)

Is Amanda ____ a new job?

going find

going to find

have found

find

5)

____ the car ____ very fast?

Is / travel

Were / travelling

Is / going travel

Was / travelling

6)

____ in India?

Your parents did get married

Got your parents married

Did your parents get married

Did married get your parents

Anmerkungen zum Sprachgebrauch in der Mittelstufe

Indirekte Fragen

Indirekte Fragen sind höflicher als direkte Fragen.

Sie werden üblicherweise von Satzteilen eingeleitet, wie z. B.:

Could you tell me…
Do you know…
Do you have any idea…

Beispiel:

Could you tell me what time it is, please?
Do you know how to get to the bus station?
Do you have any idea how much the tickets are?

Beachten Sie, dass der einleitende Satzteil die Frage enthält:

„Could you tell me ...?" – das Subjekt und das Hilfsverb sind invertiert

Der Nebensatz behält die normale Wortfolge:

"Could you tell me what time it is, please?" not - "~~Could you tell me what time is it, please?~~"

Bestätigungsfragen

Bestätigungsfragen stehen am Ende eines positiven Satzes und werden, je nach Intonation, in der Regel zur Bestätigung dessen, was wir sagen, oder um eine Einigung darüber zu erzielen, verwendet.

Bestätigungsfragen werden mit dem Hilfsverb und dem Subjekt gebildet: