Should

On utilise "should" pour donner, ou demander, un conseil ou une opinion au présent:

• "I have a terrible stomachache." "You should go to the doctor's."
• "I haven’t heard from my father." "You should call him."
• "She's not happy with the salary offered." "She shouldn't accept the job."

Formation

On utilise "should" / "shouldn't" + l'infinitif du verbe principal (sans "to")

Exemple

I You He, She, It We They	should	do	more exercise.
		get	a new car.
	shouldn't (should not)	smoke.
		spend	so much money.

Should	I you he / she / it we they	get	more qualifications?
		wear	something different?

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Should have

On utilise "should have" pour donner, ou demander, une opinion au présent sur quelque chose qui s'est déroulé dans le passé:

• "I had a terrible stomachache." "You should have gone to the doctor’s."
• "I didn’t hear from my father last week." "You should have called him."
• "She isn't happy with the salary she’s getting." "She shouldn't have accepted the job."

Formation

On utilise "should" / "shouldn't have" + le participe passé du verbe principal

Exemple

I You He / She / It We They	should have	taken	a taxi.
	shouldn't have	written	that comment.

Should

I you he / she / it we they

have worked

overtime?

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Exercices d'entraînement

Donnez ou demandez un conseil en utilisant le verbe entre parenthèses:

.

1)

He    the position. (accept)

 

2)

You    mobile phones in the classroom. (not allow)

 

3)

   we    that we cheated? (admit)

 

4)

They    work early yesterday. (not leave)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Have to

"Have to" est utilisé pour montrer que quelqu'un est obligé de faire quelque chose, normalement par une force externe. "Have to" peut aussi être utilisé pour donner une opinion:

• You have to show your passport at passport control.
  (C'est la loi.)
• Jenny has to do homework every evening.
  (Ses parents lui ont dit de faire ses devoirs.)
• Tom had to work late last night.
  (Il n'avait pas fini son travail.)
• You have to tell him!
  (C'est mon opinion (forte).)
• You don’t have to eat that if you don’t like it.
  (Je ne t'oblige pas à le manger.)

Formation

Le présent simple de "have" + "to" + infinitif (sans "to")
or
The past simple of 'have' + to + infinitive (without to)

Exemple

I You We They	have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
He / She / It	has to
I You We They	don't have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
He / She / It	doesn't have to

Do	I you we they	have to	work on Saturday?
Does	he / she / it		attend the conference?

I You He / She / It We They	had to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.
I You He / She / It We They	didn't have to	leave the house early to catch the bus. care for the children.

Did

I you he / she / it we they

have to

work on Saturday? attend the conference?

Exercices d'entraînement

Donnez ou demandez un conseil en utilisant le verbe entre parenthèses:

.

1)

You    to the internet to send an email. (connect)

 

2)

Adrian    every weekend unless he wants to. (not train)

 

3)

   you    your passport at the border? (show)

 

4)

Amy    30 hours a week last year. (teach)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Must

"Must" est aussi utilisé pour parler d'une obligation, et est utilisé dans des règles écrites et des instructions:

• You must submit your proposal by noon on 12th July.
• You must not use a calculator during the exam.

"Must" est aussi utilisé pour donner une forte recommandation:

• You must tell him before it's too late.
• You mustn't be late for work on your first day.

Formation

"must" ou "mustn't" ("must not") + l'infinitif du verbe (sans "to")

Exemple

I You He / She / It We They	must mustn't	report	the theft to the police immediately.
		forget	to transfer the money.

Must

I you he / she / it we they

go?

Bien que les questions avec "must" soient grammaticalement correctes, "have to" est plus souvent utilisé de nos jours pour former des questions.

Il n'y a pas de forme passée pour "must" pour exprimer l'obligation:

• We had to show our passports at the border.
• We weren’t allowed to use calculators in the exam.
  Or, we couldn’t use calculators in the exam.

Exercices d'entraînement

Donnez ou demandez un conseil en utilisant le verbe entre parenthèses:

.

1)

You    late for the train. (not be)

 

2)

We    their wedding anniversary. (celebrate)

 

3)

You    the application form in black ink. (complete)

 

4)

He    his dog chew the furniture. (not let)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

E xercices d'entraînement supplémentaires

Choisissez la réponse correcte pour compléter la phrase; a, b, c ou d.
.

1)

You ____ remember to close the windows when you leave the house.
 

shouldn't

must

mustn't

don't have to

 

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2)

You ____ eat fast food every day. It’s very bad for you.
 

don't have to

must

shouldn't

have to

 

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3)

Maria ____ the operation but she was too scared. Now she’s very ill.
 

must have had

should have

must have

should have had

 

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4)

Juan ____ visit Prague once a month for meetings, but he enjoys it.
 

should have

should

has to

have to

 

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5)

You ____ perform that song. It’s offensive.
 

don't have to

mustn't

should

should have

 

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6)

You ____ come with me. I’m happy to go alone.
 

should have

don't have to

must

mustn't have

 

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Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit