Introdução

A voz passiva é mais comumente usada para:

• escrita formal ou acadêmica; ensaios, relatórios, artigos
• notícias: manchetes, relatórios.

Nós usamos a voz passiva quando o objeto (pessoa ou coisa) recebendo a ação é mais importante que a pessoa ou coisa que executa a ação, por exemplo:

• O incêndio foi iniciadopor Robin.

ou quando não sabemos quem ou o que executa a ação:

• My car was stolen last night.

Formulário

Construímos a voz passiva com:
"be" + particípio passado do verbo principal.

Opresente simples passivo - exemplos:

objeto	Verbo "be"	Verbo principal	Complemento	Assunto
The experiment	is isn't is not	carried out	every week	by scientists at the university.
The experiments	are aren't are not	carried out	every week.

Verbo "be"	objeto	Verbo principal	Complemento	Assunto
Are	the experiments	carried out	every week?

O passado simples passivo - exemplos:

objeto	Verbo "be"	Verbo principal	Complemento	Assunto
The experiment	was wasn't was not	carried out	every week	by scientists at the university.
The experiments	were weren't were not	carried out	every week.

Verbo "be"	objeto	Verbo principal	Complemento	Assunto
Were	the experiments	carried out	every week?

A voz passiva pode ser utilizada em qualquer tempo verbal:

Objeto (recebe a ação)	Verbo "be" (vários tempos verbais)	Verbo principal (particípio passado)
The dogs	are	fed.
	are being
	were
	were being
	are going to be
	will be
	have been
	will be being
	have been being
	had been

Nos exemplos acima, não sei quem está alimentando os cães. Isso não é importante. O que é importante é que os cães estão recebendo alimentos.

Se queremos incluir a pessoa ou coisa que executa a ação, podemos usar a preposição "by”:

• The dogs are being fed by a charity worker.

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Pratique

Complete as frases com a forma correta passiva no passado simples do verbo entre parêntesis:

.

1)

The Eiffel Tower    in 1889. (build)

 

2)

Two World Wars    during the 20th century. (fight)

 

3)

How many sonnets    by William Shakespeare? (write)

 

4)

The internet    by many different people. (create)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Further practice

.

1)

The orchestra ____ by Mario Lopez.
 

will be conducted

conducts

will being conducted

be conducted

 

---

2)

The houses ____.
 

have been demolished

have demolished

be demolished

has been demolished

 

---

3)

The costumes ____ by the art department.
 

are been prepared

is prepared

are being prepared

is being prepared

 

---

4)

The new law ____.
 

have been passed

going to be passed

is going to be passed

will passed

 

---

5)

The trees ____ cut down.
 

were been

had being

was being

were being

 

---

6)

The grass ____ cut too many times.
 

have been

is been

had been

will been

 

---

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Itens adicionais do idioma

Podemos empregar a voz passiva quando não queremos dizer quem ou o que executa a ação:

• "I’m sorry but your vase was broken."
• "My homework was lost."
• "The accounts have been messed up."

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Verbos modais podem ser utilizados na voz passiva:

Presente

Ativa – The staff should make the beds every day.
Passiva – The beds should be made every day.

Passado
Ativa – The staff should have made the beds every day.
Passiva – The beds should have been made every day.

Itens avançados do idioma

Exemplos adicionais de voz passiva:

• Futuro perfeito –
  The dogs will have been fed.
• Futuro perfeito contínuo –
  The dogs will have been being fed.
• Passado Perfeito contínuo –
  The dogs had been being fed.

Embora gramaticalmente correto, o tempo verbal do perfeito contínuo geralmente não é utilizado na voz passiva. A situação não costuma surgir e o tempo verbal soa um pouco estranho.