Introdução

Nós usamos o presente perfeito para descrever o passado quando ele afeta o presente, por exemplo

• falando sobre experiências passadas
• para algo que começou no passado e ainda é verdade
• descrever mudanças.

Exemplos:

• I have been to that restaurant twice.
• Emily has worked in the city for many years.
• Your hair has grown since last year.

Forma 1 - Presente perfeito positivo

Para formar o presente perfeito positivo, usamos
"have" + particípio passado.

Assunto	"have"	particípio passado
I You We They	have 've	been	to India.
He / She / It	has 's

particípios passados

Com verbos regulares, nós formamos o particípio passado, adicionando “d", “ed" ou "“ied" no final, por exemplo:

Verbos regulares
infinitivo	particípio passado
receive	received	"-d" para verbos regulares que terminam com "e"
work	worked	"-ed" Para verbos regulares que terminam com consoante
study	studied	"-ied" Para os verbos regulares que terminam com consoante e "y"

Os particípios passados de verbos irregulares são diferentes e devem ser aprendidos, por exemplo:

verbos irregulares
infinitivo	particípio passado
be	been
do	done
eat	eaten
find	found
go	gone
grow	grown
have	had
make	made
see	seen

---

Pratique

Complete as frases com a conjunção do verbo entre parêntesis no presente perfeito positivo:
.

1)

I    that movie three times. (see)

 

2)

David and Sarah    every day for their exams. (study)

 

3)

Tom    breakfast for us. (make)

 

4)

Our company    in the last five years. (grow)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Forma 2 - Presente perfeito negativo

Para formar o presente negativo perfeito, usamos
"have not" + particípio passado.

Assunto	"have not"	particípio passado
I You We They	have not haven't 've not	eaten	breakfast yet.
He / She / It	has not hasn't 's not

Exemplos:

• I haven't been to Paris before.
• My order hasn't arrived yet.
• My parents haven't finished painting the house.

---

Pratique

Complete as frases com o presente perfeito negativo entre parênteses:
.

1)

I    a holiday this year. (have)

 

2)

Sarah    to Italy before. (be)

 

3)

He    his homework yet. (do)

 

4)

We    Tom since last Friday. (see)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Forma 3 - Perguntas no Presente perfeito

Para formar o presente perfeito negativo, usamos
"have" + sujeito + particípio passado.

"have"	Assunto	particípio passado
Have	I you we they	seen	my purse?
Has	he / she / it

Exemplos:

• Have you been to Italy before?
• Has it stopped raining?
• How long have you studied English?

---

Pratique

Complete as frases usando o verbo entre parênteses no formato de questão do presente perfeito:
.

1)

   you    Tom this week? (see)

 

2)

   Sarah    to the airport yet? (go)

 

3)

   Clara    dinner yet? (eat)

 

4)

Who    she    to the party? (invite)

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Pratique ainda mais

Complete as frases com a resposta correta de a, b, c ou d:
.

1)

They ____ my letter yet.
 

haven't receive

hasn't receive

haven't received

hasn't received

 

---

2)

____ David ____ his car keys?
 

Has / found

Have / found

Has / find

Have / find

 

---

3)

You are late. Where ____ you ____?
 

had / been

have / been

have / be

has / be

 

---

4)

James ____ at the company for five years.
 

have work

has worked

have worked

has work

 

---

5)

I ____ Clare for a long time.
 

haven't seen

hasn't see

hasn't seen

haven't see

 

---

6)

David ____ a beard.
 

have grown

has grow

has grown

have grow

 

---

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Ponto de linguagem adicional

Nós também usamos a forma verbal no presente perfeito positivo com "always" e "never".

Usando "never" tornamos o significado negativo:

Assunto	"have"	período de tempo	particípio passado
I You We They	have	always never	lived	in the city.
He She It	has

Nós também usamos o formato verbal de pergunta no presente perfeito positivo com "always" e "ever".

"have"	Assunto	período de tempo	particípio passado
Have	I you we they	always never	lived	in the city.
Has	he she it

Exemplos:

• Have you ever been to Mexico?
• Has she always lived in Paris?