Introducere

Putem folosi participiul prezent și trecut al verbelor care descriu un efect asupra ceva sub formă de adjective.

Folosim participiul prezent (cu terminația "-ing") ca adjectiv pentru a descrie felul în care subiectul cauzează efectul. Folosim participiul trecut (cu terminația "-ed") ca adjectiv pentru a descrie felul în care subiectul simte efectul.

Exemple:

De la rădăcina verbului "surprise":

• "David is surprising."
  David causes surprise.
• "David is surprised."
  David experiences surprise.

Formă: -ed sau -ing?

Iată câteva exemple de verbe la participiu care pot fi utilziate ca adjective:

Rădăcina verbului (descrie un efect)	adjectiv cu terminația "-ing" (participiul prezent)	adjectiv cu terminația "-ed" (participiul trecut)
bore	boring	bored
disappoint	disappointing	disappointed
disgust	disgusting	disgusted
embarrass	embarrassing	embarrassed
exhaust	exhausting	exhausted
excite	exciting	excited
interest	interesting	interested
satisfy	satisfying	satisfied
shock	shocking	shocked
surprise	surprising	surprised
tire	tiring	tired

Exemple

Adjectivele provenite din verbe la participiu sunt folosite în același mod ca celelalte adjective, de exemplu:

with "be":

• "The food is disappointing".
  The food causes disappointment.
• "We are disappointed by the food."
  We experience disappointment.

• "The race was exhausting".
  The race caused exhaustion.
• "They were exhausted after they finished the race."
  They experienced exhaustion.

înaintea unui substantiv

• "It was a satisfying meal."
  The meal caused satisfaction.
• "He was a satisfied customer."
  The customer experienced satisfaction.

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Exerciții

Completați propozițiile cu adjectivul corect pornind de la rădăcina verbelor dintre paranteze:

• They enjoyed the film but the ending was . (shock)
   
• The results of the experiment led to some conclusions. (interest)
   
• She worked until late last night. She was very this morning. (tire)
   
• I left the party because I was . (bore)
   

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Exerciții suplimentare

Alegeți răspunsul corect dintre a, b, c sau d.

• I'm ____ about my holiday next week.


excite excites exciting excited



• She ____ with his answer.


wasn’t satisfy wasn’t satisfying isn’t satisfied isn’t satisfying



• His presentation was very ____.


interested interesting interests interest



• They ____ by the children's behaviour.


were disgusted are disgusting were disgusting is disgusted



• I don’t like to speak in public. It is ____.


embarrassed embarrass embarrasses embarrassing 



• The end of year results ____.


is disappointed are disappointing are disappointed is disappointing

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