Wstep

and, or, but, so, because

Łączniki służą do łączenia zdań w jedno dłuższe zdanie:

• I play tennis and I swim.
• You can go to the cinema, or you can visit your aunt.
• Ana loves oranges, but she hates pears.
• It was raining, so I took an umbrella.
• Peter is crying because he has failed his exams.

"and" używamy przy dodawaniu elementów do listy:

• She bought apples and bananas.

"or" używamy mówiąc o dodatkowych możliwościach:

• You can have the blue pen or the red pen.

"but" używamy do ukazania kontrastu:

• I speak French but I’ve never been to France.

"so" wskazuje na wynik danej sytuacji:

• Peter didn’t study, so he failed his exams.

"because" wskazuje na przyczynę:

• I got wet because I didn’t take an umbrella.

Więcej przykładów

• On Saturdays, we usually visit the zoo and on Sundays, we go to the park.
• I bought a skirt, some shoes and a jacket.
• We can have a holiday, or we can save our money.
• Can we have a picnic, or is the weather too bad?
• I’d like to go, but I don’t have any money.
• Tom ran, but he missed the bus.
• I was unhappy, so I ate some chocolate.
• I forgot the sun cream, so I got burnt.
• I got into university because I studied hard.
• I won’t buy a bicycle because I don't like cycling.

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Przecinek stawiamy zazwyczaj przed "or", "but" i "so".

W długich listach stosujemy przecinki, umieszczając "and" przed ostatnią pozycją na liście:

• He studies maths, science, French and drama.

Łącznik "because" może występować na początku zdania:

• Because I don’t like cycling, I won't buy a bicycle.

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Practice

Uzupełnij zdania właściwymi łącznikami.
.

1)

I'm very good at sport,    I'm terrible at maths.

 

2)

The movie was bad,    I left the cinema.

 

3)

At university, he studied physics    chemistry.

 

4)

Mick can't drive, so he can take the train,    he can take the bus.

 

5)

Shelly didn't buy the car    she didn't have enough money.

 

Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit

Dalsza praktyka

Uzupelnij zdania poprawnymi odpowiedziami a, b, c lub d:
.

1)

While my father was in Agra, he decided to visit the Taj Mahal ____ the Agra Fort.
 

because

so

but

and

 

---

2)

I wasn't invited to the party, ____ I didn't mind.
 

but

so

or

because

 

---

3)

____ she was tired, she went to bed early.
 

Because

But

Or

So

 

---

4)

Would you like to go to a restaurant, ____ shall I make something?
 

so

or

and

because

 

---

5)

She couldn't hear him, ____ he turned the television off.
 

because

or

but

so

 

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6)

I finished the report late ____ my computer broke whilst I was writing it.
 

but

or

so

because

 

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Please submit the missing answers shown in red
 

Submit